Eurasian Milfoil, an Invasive Danger to American Waters
Eurasian milfoil is a fragile looking flora that was once a everyday flora to find in fresh water fish tanks.
All The Same, It did not stay there. Now it is considered an predatory species that threatens North American fresh water streams, rivers, pools and lakes.
In its indigenous Eurasian surroundings it is a comparatively innocent flora (but still a bit of a pest) but here, out of its regular waters, it takes over and destroys ecosystems, clogs water intakes and power plants, and makes them undesirable for recreational purposes.
Several theories are around that explain its foundation. One is that it caught a ride on the ballast of a ship coming from Europe or Asia. That is a good guess. When they tested ships departing occupied water, 25% carried some milfoil with it. The other main possibility is it was introduced by people throwing out aquarium plants or packing material used to ship live worms.
The most hazardous thing about this plant is that it can adapt to live in about every kind of aquatic habitat in North America. It can live in the cold of Washington State or the warmth of Florida. From fresh waters of the Rockies to the salty waters of the salt marshes it can flourish. To make its life better, nothing seems to like eating it.
Once established it propagates fast in waters that range from 2 feet to up to 30 feet, snarling just below the surface and clogging out the native vegetation. Some floras like millet are given small chance to grow, which causes troubles because they are a food source for many and a home for small marine creatures. This matted growth also causes problems for any mammals or birds that fish for their food. Further more, the huge mats keep the wind from properly oxygenating the water and choking adult fish as well as assisting spawn algae blooms which further worsen the problem.
These plants are problematic to individuals as well. Not only does milfoil decrease water quality but the mats make shoreline swimming hopeless. Milfoil hinders fish breeding, which means fewer fishermen. Milfoil is also a problem for boaters because it can become trapped on the engine, cause dangers for water skiers and block navigation hazards from the boatmen view.
Communities and businesses are also put at a disadvantage because of this small water plant. Water intakes or over flows can get clogged leading to shortages in some places and flooding in others. Dams and electricity output can also be affected if the water plant mats get caught up in the dams.
Milfoil control has been difficult. Broadly Speaking poisons are out of the question as they destroy the very ecosystem they were meant to save. Physically removing the flora isn’t fully successful because the parts that break off can form new plants elsewhere. For that reason the large automatic harvesters are only used in the worst cases and then only as a first step. Milfoil has been more successfully removed by vacuum dredging, which can pick up any damaged pieces left behind. A weevil maybe the solution to the milfoil dilemma as it love to eat the water flora and is a natural way to battle the weed.
Milfoil is just one type of invasive species that has outstayed its welcome; many other invasive aquatic plants are still thriving across the nation. When plants or creatures are introduced outside their natural surroundings, you can’t anticipate the implications.